2Institute of Science, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, İstanbul, Türkiye
Abstract
About 7–9% of all CO₂ emissions come from the iron and steel sector, making it one of the most carbon-intensive industries in the world. Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) is a viable and promising decarbonization strategy that is especially suitable for existing infrastructure. The most developed and extensively used technique at the moment is post-combustion capture with amine-based solvents. The practicality of CCUS applications in steel production is shown by successful commercial projects like Steelanol in Belgium and Al Reyadah in the United Arab Emirates. High capital and operating costs, energy-intensive procedures, solvent degradation, and the requirement for extensive CO₂ transport and storage infrastructure are some of the major obstacles to wider adoption. Despite these obstacles, in countries with production in emission-intensive sectors, have a lot of potential for CCUS deployment—as long as funding sources, supportive laws, and technical assistance are put in place.
